Character Entities

Special Characters in HTML

Some characters have special meaning in HTML (<, >, &) and cannot be typed directly as content. Others are difficult to type on a keyboard. HTML entities are escape codes that represent these characters.

<!-- Displaying reserved characters -->
<p>Use &lt;p&gt; for a paragraph and &lt;h1&gt; for a heading.</p>

<!-- Ampersand must be escaped -->
<p>Alice &amp; Bob</p>

<!-- Copyright and trademark -->
<p>&copy; 2026 CPCODELAB &mdash; All Rights Reserved&trade;</p>

<!-- Non-breaking space (keeps words together) -->
<p>10&nbsp;km from the city centre</p>

<!-- Quotes -->
<p>&ldquo;Hello,&rdquo; she said.</p>

• < — Less-than sign <
• > — Greater-than sign >
• & — Ampersand &
• " — Double quotation mark "
• ' — Apostrophe '
•   — Non-breaking space
• © — Copyright symbol ©
• — — Em dash —